Here, we report evidence of fluid mixing between basinal brines and oil during deposition of coarse sphalerite at a classic carbonate-hosted Pb-Zn district, Pine Point, Northwest Territories, Canada.

Direct evidence of fluid mixing in the formation of stratabound Pb-Zn-Ba-F mineralisation in the Alston Block, North Pennine Orefield (England)

This study shows clear evidence that the mineralization at the Morro Agudo deposit, Sucuri and Morro do Capão occurrences is epigenetic, forming after the diagenesis of the host carbonate succession, and may have involved progressive mixing of multiple fluids with distinct compositions that interacted with sulfur reservoirs in the dolomitic ...

A type of carbonate-hosted lead–zinc (Pb–Zn) ore deposits, known as Mississippi Valley Type (MVT) deposits, constitutes an important category of lead–zinc ore deposits. Previous studies proposed a fluid-mixing model to account for metal precipitation mechanism of the MVT ore deposits, in which fluids with metal-chloride complexes …

Our preliminary studies on fluid inclusion have also proved the presence of two or three phase aqueous-carbonic fluid inclusions in quartz-sulfide veins, confirming the main ore fluids were CO 2-bearing, which is also analogous to the orogenic gold deposits (Chen et al., 2007). Moreover, the Jiagantan gold deposit is situated in a convergent ...

Quantitative fluid modeling shows that a Rayleigh fractionation process in a closed system reproduces closely the δ18 O-δ11 B compositions of magmatic and pre …

Fluid mixing across unconformities between crystalline basement and overlying sedimentary basins is commonly invoked as an efficient chemical mechanism for ore deposition, but the origin of basement brines and the process of ore formation have rarely been linked by direct evidence.

The results show that the deep geothermal fluid is the mixing product of both magmatic and infiltrating snow-melt water, whereas the shallow geothermal fluid is formed by the mixing of deep geothermal fluid with cold groundwater. ... Kind R, Ni J, Zhao W, Wu J, Yuan X, Zhao L, Sandvol E, Reese C, Nabelek J, Hearn T (1996) Evidence …

This trend is consistent with mixing of the ore fluids with a cooler fluid that had substantially lower ∂18O, and cannot be explained by fluid boiling. Based on structural evidence ...

These results provide thus direct in situ isotopic evidence of fluid mixing as a major mechanism triggering cassiterite deposition. Further, this work shows that combined in situ δ18O and δ11B ...

The Woxi-type Sb–Au deposits were derived from orogenic fluids generated from folding and shearing during the Caledonian and Indosinian Orogeny, whereas the Xikuangshan-type Sb deposits were formed by mixing heated basement-derived hydrothermal fluid circulating during the flare-up of magmatism in South China, with …

Fluid mixing and recycling during Pyrenean thrusting: evidence from fluid inclusion halogen ratios. Author links open overlay panel A.M McCaig 1, J Tritlla 2, D.A Banks 1. ... Fluids in the basement shear zones are interpreted to have essentially the same evaporitic origin as those still contained in sedimentary formations, although it is ...

The combination of fluid inclusion with temperatures deduced from 87 Sr/ 86 Sr values for fluid-seawater mixing hence may provide evidence for conductive cooling (or conductive heating) and constrain thermobarometric fluid inclusion results .

The arrival of continental crustal material and mixing with remnant seawater can produce a brine dominated hydrothermal system for a small geological time scale. Thus, the formation of ophicarbonate is related to the timing of the Neo-Tethys closure at around 50 Ma. ... evidence from fluid inclusions in the Nidar ophiolite, Indus Suture Zone ...

Inverse correlation between homogenization temperature and salinity; temperature of formation changes at near-constant salinity; and low-salinity, low to moderate …

A ubiquitous example of fluid mixing is the Rayleigh–Taylor instability, in which a heavy fluid initially sits atop a light fluid in a gravitational field. The subsequent development of the unstable interface between the two fluids is marked by several stages.

Based on the optimization results of the laminar mixing, we discuss applications of the proposed method to industrial mixing problems, including turbulent …

Fluid mixing related to lithostatic-hydrostatic pressure transition and infiltration of meteoric waters into the hydrothermal system was the key mechanism triggering …

Variability in molecular proportions of CH 4, N 2 and CO 2 is interpreted as an evidence for mixing of pulses of a regional fluid with a local fluid and reactions with graphitic and carbonate rocks at the site of deposition. The low salinity of fluid inclusions in the quartz and the lack of any sulfur species in the aqueous or gaseous phase of ...

The mixing ratio of magmatic water in geothermal fluid can be calculated using a simple model (Pang, 2006): δG = γδM+(1–γ) δP where δG, δM, and δP represent the per mil deviations versus SMOW of oxygen-18 or deuterium compositions of geothermal fluid, magmatic water and precipitated meteoric water. γ is the percentage of magmatic ...

The high Mg and SO 4 contents of E2-W fluid indicates sub-surface mixing with entrained seawater. In the following discussion we present evidence for the temporal variation of the E2 vent field, provide evidence for a single sourced fluid feeding the E2 system and imply the depth of the root zone as well as phase separation processes.

The fluid inclusion microphotometry, coupled with the paragenetic sequence, shows that the mineralization results from the mixing of at least two fluids: a high-salinity and high-temperature fluid (32 to 34 wt% NaCl eq. and Th from 225 to 282 °C) and low-salinity and low-temperature fluid (5 to 12.8 wt% NaCl eq. and Th between 85 and 144 °C).

1/2 in the series Fluid Mixing Technology. To those outside of chemical engineering, mixing may seem a mundane topic needing little attention, but for chemical engineers in an industrial setting, mixing is an important and complex subject. In the video above, we take a look at the basic design principles for blending fluids in a stirred tank.

Two-fluid mixing caused the Pb–Zn mineralization at Pine Point, NWT. The 18 O enrichment, significant increase in salinity and shift from NaCl to CaCl 2 in the …

The diagram reveals a fluid mixing system with sulfide minerals and quartz/calcite associated with distinct fluid reservoirs. Furthermore, it shows that a different deep-seated fluid reservoir was accessed during the calcite–sulfide and quartz–sulfide stage. ... (Morocco): evidence from fluid inclusions. J Afr Earth Sci 41:25–39. https ...

The Se/Ge ratio in pyrite provides evidence for fluid-seawater mixing, where lower values (<10) are the result of a seawater contribution at the seafloor or during fluid upflow. Sulphur and Pb isotopes in hydrothermal sulphides indicate a common metal (loid) source at the two vent sites by host rock leaching in the reaction zone, as also ...

Fluid inclusion and He Ar isotope evidence for subsurface phase separation and variable fluid mixing regimes beneath the Yonaguni Knoll IV hydrothermal field, SOT. ... (1.5 to 6.6Ra) of co-existing minerals also suggest a mixing fluid source, which can be calculated that basaltic magma He and seawater He mixed in varying degrees, ...

Fluid mixing, however, is not known in deeper-seated hypozonal orogenic gold deposits. Fluid mixing, as shown in these studies, most likely requires detailed …

Fluid inclusion data and geochemical evidence lead to a genesis of Ba-F (Pb-Zn) lodes of the Spanish Central System as related to fluid mixing of hot (>300 °C), low …

Fluid inclusion data and geochemical evidence lead to a genesis of Ba-F (Pb-Zn) lodes of the Spanish Central System as related to fluid mixing of hot (>300 °C), low saline (<0.6 molal), Na-K deep fluids and cool (<100 °C), oxidized, more saline (>2.8 molal), Na-K-Ca-Mg brines of phraeatic origin.