Phase transformation and slag evolution of vanadium–titanium …
1. Introduction. Vanadium (V) and titanium (Ti) are important strategic metals, which are widely used in metallurgical industry, chemical industry, machinery manufacturing, battery, aerospace, etc. [[1], [2], [3], [4]].As a representative resource for extracting V and Ti, vanadium–titanium magnetite (VTM) is a polymetallic symbiotic mineral which primarily …